On 17 December 2024 the UN General Assembly adopted Resolution 79/181 on the situation of human rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK). Resolution 79/181 expresses deep concern at the grave human rights situation, the pervasive culture of impunity and the lack of accountability for human rights violations and abuses in the DPRK. The resolution encourages the Security Council to continue its consideration of the relevant conclusions and recommendations of the Commission of Inquiry (CoI) and take appropriate action to ensure accountability, including through consideration of referral to the International Criminal Court and consideration of further sanctions in order to target effectively those who appear to be most responsible for human rights violations that the CoI has said may constitute crimes against humanity. Resolution 79/181 recalls “the responsibility of the DPRK to protect its population from crimes against humanity.”